From October 2004, Super Output Areas (middle layer)
replaced wards as the standard lower-level geography for
the June Agricultural Survey data.
Super Output Areas (SOAs) are a new geography designed
to improve the reporting of small area statistics.
They were introduced initially for use on the Neighbourhood
Statistics (NeSS) website, but are intended to eventually
become the standard across National Statistics.
Until now (2004) the standard unit for presenting local
statistical information was the electoral ward/division.
But because these are subject to regular boundary changes
this created problems when trying to compare datasets
from different time periods. Therefore it was decided
to develop a range of areas whose boundaries would not
change. These were built from groups of 2001 Survey Output
Areas (OAs) and are known as Super Output Areas (SOAs).
There are 3 layers of SOA. These are based on population
numbers with the Middle Layer SOAs having a minimum population
5000 and a mean of 7200. There are 6781 Middle Layer SOAs
in England (compared with approximately 8000 wards).
From 2004 a change to Survey Data was adopted. This
was to 'repopulate' data that would otherwise be suppressed
due to disclosure and data-protection reasons.
The repopulated data would be a random number based
on the original data, so would be a good approximation
of the actual value, without compromising confidentiality.